There are two base camps on opposite sides of Mt. Everest: to the South in Nepal, and to the North in Tibet. Located at the altitude of 5,360 metres (17,600 ft) is South Base Camp in Nepal. and at 5,208 metres (17,090 ft) is the North Base Camp in Tibet .

These camps are rudimentary campsites on Mount Everest that are used by mountain climbers during their ascent and descent. South Base Camp is used when climbing via the southeast ridge, while North Base Camp is used when climbing via the northeast ridge.

Supplies are carried to the camps by sherpas or porters, and with help of animals. The North Base Camp has vehicle access (at least in the summer months). Climbers typically rest at base camp for several days for acclimatization; to reduce the risks and severity of altitude sickness. Base camps usually consist of long lines of tents with food, blankets, and light.

As of 2002, a visit to the North (Tibet-side) Base Camp required a permit from the Chinese government, above and beyond the permit required to visit Tibet itself. At this time such permits could be arranged relatively easily via travel companies in Lhasa, typically as part of a travel package that included hiring a vehicle, driver, and translator. Road access to the North Base Camp may be obtained from a road branching to the South from the Friendship Highway.

The trek to Everest Base Camp on the Nepal side is one of the most popular trekking routes in the Himalayas and is visited by thousands of trekkers each year.